Editing-keys

See maketecheasier cheatsheet and the scaron.info blog and learnbyexample.github.io

Normal Mode

hjkl   -- left down up right
gg     -- start of buffer
G      -- end of buffer
GG     -- start of file
^      -- beginning of line (first nonempty char)
0      -- start of line (character 0)
$      -- end of line

(      -- one sentence forward
)      -- one sentence backward
{      -- one para back
}      -- one para forward
[[     -- previous section
]]     -- next section
[]     -- end of previous section
][     -- end of next section

w       -- forward one word, alphanumeric
W       -- forward one wird, delimited by whitespace
given 1,2,3,4 5,6,7,8     w will to from 1 to 2 to 3... W will go from 1,2 to 5,6 
b       -- back one word alphanumeric
B       -- back one word whitespace

i       -- insert text at cursor
I       -- insert at start of line
o       -- insert text in new line below current
O       -- insert text in new line above current
a       -- append text (after cursor)
A       -- append to end of line

x       -- delete char under cursor
X       -- delete char before cursor
dd      -- delete current line
D       -- delete from cursor to end of line
p       -- paste below current line (see registers, e.g. "qp pastes from register q)
P       -- paste above current line
y       -- yank (copy to register)
dw dW   -- delete word
d<dirn> -- delete from current to wherever <dirn> takes us 
           (deleting lines in case of j, but chars in case of h)
r       -- replace char under cursor
3r      -- replace three chars starting with one under cursor

cc      -- change current line
ce      -- change from cursor to end of word
ci"     -- change between "..."
ci<     -- change between <...>
c0      -- change from start of line to cursor
c$      -- change from cursor to end of line

G~<dir> -- toggle uppercase and lowercase
G~~     -- for current line
gU<dir> -- uppercase
gUU     -- for current line
guu     -- lowercase

ciw     -- change current word
ci"     -- change inside ".."
ci'     -- change inside '..'
ci(     -- change inside (..) similarly for [..], <..> and {..} (respects nesting)
Xi(     -- similar for other actions (e.g. yi{ yanks everything between {..}
yip     -- yank entire block or para (e.g. a class {...} or function in C)

caw     -- change word including following whitespace
ca{     -- change contents of (..) including the parens

"xyy    -- copy current line into register x
"x<cmd> -- use register x rather than default register for <cmd>
'''

## undo/redo
'''
u             -- undo
<C=r>         -- redo
:earlier 1m   -- go back 1 minute in history of document
:later 1m     -- go forward 1 minute in history of document

text manipulation

gq     -- wrap selected lines (by inserting newlines)
          see :set textwidth=60
<      -- unindent
>      -- indent
gg=G   -- autoindent document
>%     -- indent entire code block
<%     -- unindent entire code block
<at    -- unindent <tag>..</tag> delimited block
>at    -- indent   tag delimited block

TODO

<ib
>ib

macros

qa       -- start recording macro a
@a       -- execute macro a
@@       -- execute last executed macro

searching

/pat           -- search forward for pat
?pat           -- search backward for pat
*              -- search forward for next occurrence of exact word under cursor
g*             -- search forward for next word containing the word under the cursor
gd             -- go to local variable definition
gD             -- go to global variable definition
n              -- next match when searching
N              -- previous match when searching
s/pat/rep/gc   -- replace all, confirming

ranges

:s/pat/rep     -- replace first occurrence of pat with rep -- current line
:s/pat/rep/    -- same as above
:s/pat/rep/g   -- replace all occurrences
:s/pat/rep/i   -- case insensitive
:s/pat/rep/gi  -- combines above
:%s/pat/rep    -- apply to all lines
:2,6s/...      -- apply to lines 2..6

:m,ns/...      -- apply to lines from m to n (s/ can be any action)
:.,$s/...      -- apply to lines from current to end
:m,$s/...      -- apply to lines from m to end
:1,ns/...      -- apply to lines from 1 to n
:-3s/...       -- apply to 3rd line before current
:-3,+3s/...    -- apply to lines from 3rd before to 3rd after (be careful about off-by-ones)

:1,$s/...      -- equivalent to :%s/...

regex match ranges

g/flibble/s/mr/lord  -- s/mr/lord on lines matching pattern 'flibbble'
g!/script/d          -- delete all lines not matching pattern 'script'

bookmarks

mx     -- set bookmark x (in range [a-zA-Z])
:marks -- list bookmarks
`x     -- jump to bookmark x

numerical prefix

2x     -- delete 2 chars
3j     -- go up 3 lines
dd     -- delete current line
f"     -- forward to next "
F>     -- bacwards to previous >
"qyy   -- yank into register q
"app   -- paste from register a
:      -- : command
<C-w>s -- split horizontally into upper and lower windows, same buffer in each, top buffer selected
<C-w>v -- split vertically into left and right windows, same buffer in each, left buffer selected

Insert Mode

<C-w>    -- delete from cursor to start of current word
<C-u>    -- delete from cursor to start of line, preserving indent     
<C-n>    -- autocomplete word (next)
<C-p>    -- autocomplete word (prev)
<C-y>    -- select word to autocomplete (i.e.y to accept autocompletion)
<C-e>    -- cancel autocompletion

<C-x><C-l> -- line autocompletion

<C-o>     -- execute single normal mode command and return to insert mode

<C-t>     -- indent current line
<C-d>     -- unindent current line
0<C-d>    -- delete all indentation on current line

<C-r>%         -- insert current filename
<C-r>a         -- paste contents of register a
<C-r><C-r>a    -- as <C-r>a but e.g. backspaces are inserted as literal ^H's
                  rather than interpreting them as if typed

note :set paste and :set nopaste — nopaste mode autoindents as if you were typing the characters pasted — paste mode doesn't autoindent,and just dumps the text into the buffer.

<C=v>x         -- insert literal (e.g. <C-v><enter> inserts ^M)
<C-l>Ye        -- for inserting digraphs (use Xcompose instead if you can)
:digraphs      -- list of digraphs

Colon commands

File and buffer commands

:w                -- save file
:w filename       -- write buffer to filename, will refuse to overwrite
:w! filename      -- write buffer to filename, overwriting a preexisting file
:w !command       -- pipe buffer into command
:e filename       -- open filename in current buffer
:r filename       -- paste contents of filename below current line
:vsplit filename  -- split vertically, current buffer on right, load filename into left
:split filename   -- split horizontally, current buffer below, load filename above
:wq               -- save and close buffer, exiting if last buffer
:q!               -- close current buffer without saving, even if modified
:n                -- open next file (specified on command line)
ZZ                -- write if modified and quit
ZQ                -- quit without writing
:sav              -- save as
:saveas           -- idem
:clo              -- close current pane
:close            -- close current pane

Editing commands

Visual keys

From normal mode

v       -- character by character
<S-v>   -- line by line
<C-v>   -- select column/rectangle

then in visual mode

hjkl    -- move end of selection
v etc   -- exit visual mode (press the same combo as for current visual mode)

Visual commands

:'<,'>               -- do something to the currently selected lines
:'<,'>s/hello/world  -- including partially touched files
:'<,'>d              -- such as regex search/replace or delete
:'<.'>w filename     -- write selected lines to filename
:'<,'>w !command     -- pipe selected lines to command

Tabs

:tabe filename       -- open filename in new tab
:tabn                -- next tab
:tabp                -- previous tab
:tabc                -- close tab
:tabo                -- close all inactive tabs in buffer

Split

:split filename     -- split horizontally
:sp                 -- shorthand for :split
:vsplit filename    -- idem for vertical split
:vsp
:ls                 -- list all open buffers
<C-w>S              -- split, same buffers
<C-w>V              -- vsplit
<C-w><C-w>          -- switch buffers
<C-w><dirn>         -- move to buffer in direction given by hjkl (or cursor keys)

Buffer

:bn                 -- next buffer
:bp                 -- previous buffer